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74 'SUBELEMENT 3BA -- Rules and Regulations (4 questions) 4 3A-3.2 What is the maximum transmitting power permitted an amateur station on 10.14-MHz? 200 watts PEP output 1000 watts DC input 1500 watts PEP output 2000 watts DC input 3A-3.3 What is the maximum transmitting power permitted an amateur station on 3725-kHz? 200 watts PEP output 1000 watts DC input 1500 watts PEP output 2000 watts DC input 3A-3.4 What is the maximum transmitting power permitted an amateur station on 7080-kHz? 200 watts PEP output 1000 watts DC input 1500 watts PEP output 2000 watts DC input 3A-3.5 What is the maximum transmitting power permitted an amateur station on 24.95-MHz? 200 watts PEP output 1000 watts DC input 1500 watts PEP output 2000 watts DC input 3A-3.7 What is the maximum transmitting power permitted an amateur station transmitting on 21.150-MHz? 200 watts PEP output 1000 watts DC input 1500 watts DC input 1500 watts PEP output 3A-4.1 How must a General control operator at a Novice station make the station identification when transmitting on 7050-kHz? The control operator should identify the station with his or her call, followed by the word "controlling" and the Novice call The control operator should identify the station with his or her call, followed by the slant bar "/" and the Novice call The control operator should identify the station with the Novice call, followed by the slant bar "/" and his or her own call A Novice station should not be operated on 7050 kHz, even with a General class control operator 3A-4.3 How must a newly-upgraded General control operator with a Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination identify the station when transmitting on 14.325-MHz pending the receipt of a new operator license? General-class privileges do not include 14.325 MHz No special form of identification is needed The operator shall give his/her call sign, followed by the words "temporary" and the two-letter ID code shown on the Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination The operator shall give his/her call sign, followed by the date and location of the VEC examination where he/she obtained the upgraded license 3A-6.1 Under what circumstances, if any, may third-party traffic be transmitted to a foreign country by an amateur station? Under no circumstances Only if the country has a third-party traffic agreement with the United States Only if the control operator is an Amateur Extra class licensee Only if the country has formal diplomatic relations with the United States 3A-6.2 What types of messages may be transmitted by an amateur station to a foreign country for a third-party? Third-party traffic involving material compensation, either tangible or intangible, direct or indirect, to a third party, a station licensee, a control operator, or any other person Third-party traffic consisting of business communications on behalf of any party Only third-party traffic which does not involve material compensation of any kind, and is not business communication of any type No messages may be transmitted to foreign countries for third parties 3A-6.6 What additional limitations apply to third-party messages transmitted to foreign countries? Third-party messages may only be transmitted to amateurs in countries with which the US has a third-party traffic agreement Third-party messages may only be sent to amateurs in ITU Region 1 Third-party messages may only be sent to amateurs in ITU Region 3 Third-party messages must always be transmitted in English 3A-8.6 Under what circumstances, if any, may an amateur station transmitting on 29.64-MHz repeat the 146.34-MHz signals of an amateur station with a Technician control operator? Under no circumstances Only if the station on 29.64 MHz is operating under a Special Temporary Authorization allowing such retransmission Only during an FCC-declared general state of communications emergency Only if the control operator of the repeater transmitter is authorized to operate on 29.64 MHz 3A-9.1 What frequency privileges are authorized to General operators in the 160 meter band? 1800 to 1900 kHz only 1900 to 2000 kHz only 1800 to 2000 kHz only 1825 to 2000 kHz only 3A-9.2 What frequency privileges are authorized to General operators in the 75/80 meter band? 3525 to 3750 and 3850 to 4000 kHz only 3525 to 3775 and 3875 to 4000 kHz only 3525 to 3750 and 3875 to 4000 kHz only 3525 to 3775 and 3850 to 4000 kHz only 3A-9.3 What frequency privileges are authorized to General operators in the 40 meter band? 7025 to 7175 and 7200 to 7300 kHz only 7025 to 7175 and 7225 to 7300 kHz only 7025 to 7150 and 7200 to 7300 kHz only 7025 to 7150 and 7225 to 7300 kHz only 3A-9.4 What frequency privileges are authorized to General operators in the 30 meter band? 10,100 to 10,150 kHz only 10,105 to 10,150 kHz only 10,125 to 10,150 kHz only 10,100 to 10,125 kHz only 3A-9.5 What frequency privileges are authorized to General operators in the 20 meter band? 14,025 to 14,100 and 14,175 to 14,350 kHz only 14,025 to 14,150 and 14,225 to 14,350 kHz only 14,025 to 14,125 and 14,200 to 14,350 kHz only 14,025 to 14,175 and 14,250 to 14,350 kHz only 3A-9.6 What frequency privileges are authorized to General operators in the 15 meter band? 21,025 to 21,200 and 21,275 to 21,450 kHz only 21,025 to 21,150 and 21,300 to 21,450 kHz only 21,025 to 21,200 and 21,300 to 21,450 kHz only 21,000 to 21,150 and 21,275 to 21,450 kHz only 3A-9.7 What frequency privileges are authorized to General operators in the 12 meter band? 24,890 to 24,990 kHz only 24,890 to 24,975 kHz only 24,900 to 24,990 kHz only 24,790 to 24,990 kHz only 3A-9.8 What frequency privileges are authorized to General operators in the 10 meter band? 28,000 to 29,700 kHz only 28,025 to 29,700 kHz only 28,100 to 29,700 kHz only 28,025 to 29,600 kHz only 3A-9.9 Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 1820-kHz? Extra only Extra, Advanced only Extra, Advanced, General only Extra, Advanced, General, Technician only 3A-9.10 Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 3950-kHz? Extra, Advanced only Extra, Advanced, General only Extra, Advanced, General, Technician only Extra, Advanced, General, Technician, Novice 3A-9.11 Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 7230-kHz? Extra only Extra, Advanced only Extra, Advanced, General only Extra, Advanced, General, Technician only 3A-9.12 Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 10.125-MHz? Extra, Advanced, General only Extra, Advanced only Extra only Technician only 3A-9.13 Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 14.325-MHz? Extra, Advanced, General, Technician only Extra, Advanced, General only Extra, Advanced only Extra only 3A-9.14 Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 21.425-MHz? Extra, Advanced, General, Novice only Extra, Advanced, General, Technician only Extra, Advanced, General only Extra, Advanced only 3A-9.15 Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 24.895-MHz? Extra only Extra, Advanced only Extra, Advanced, General only None 3A-9.16 Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 29.616-MHz? Novice, Technician, General, Advanced, Extra Technician, General, Advanced, Extra only General, Advanced, Extra only Advanced, Extra only 3A-10.1 On what frequencies within the 160 meter band may emission A3E be transmitted? 1800-2000 kHz only 1800-1900 kHz only 1900-2000 kHz only 1825-1950 kHz only 3A-10.2 On what frequencies within the 80 meter band may emission A1A be transmitted? 3500-3750 kHz only 3700-3750 kHz only 3500-4000 kHz only 3890-4000 kHz only 3A-10.3 On what frequencies within the 40 meter band may emission A3F be transmitted? 7225-7300 kHz only 7000-7300 kHz only 7100-7150 kHz only 7150-7300 kHz only 3A-10.4 On what frequencies within the 30 meter band may emission F1B be transmitted? 10.140-10.150 MHz only 10.125-10.150 MHz only 10.100-10.150 MHz only 10.100-10.125 MHz only 3A-10.5 On what frequencies within the 20 meter band may emission A3C be transmitted? 14,200-14,300 kHz only 14,150-14,350 kHz only 14,025-14,150 kHz only 14,150-14,300 kHz only 3A-10.6 On what frequencies within the 15 meter band may emission F3C be transmitted? 21,200-21,300 kHz only 21,350-21,450 kHz only 21,200-21,450 kHz only 21,100-21,200 kHz only 3A-10.7 On what frequencies within the 12 meter band may emission J3E be transmitted? 24,890-24,990 kHz only 24,890-24,930 kHz only 24,930-24,990 kHz only J3E is not permitted in this band 3A-10.8 On what frequencies within the 10 meter band may emission A3E be transmitted? 28,000-28,300 kHz only 29,000-29,700 kHz only 28,300-29,700 kHz only 28,000-29,000 kHz only 3A-13.1 How is the sending speed (signaling rate) for digital communications determined? By taking the reciprocal of the shortest (signaling) time interval (in minutes) that occurs during a transmission, where each time interval is the period between changes of transmitter state (including changes in emission amplitude, frequency, phase, or combination of these, as authorized) By taking the square root of the shortest (signaling) time interval (in seconds) that occurs during a transmission, where each time interval is the period between changes of transmitter state (including changes in emission amplitude, frequency, phase, or combination of these, as authorized) By taking the reciprocal of the shortest (signaling) time interval (in seconds) that occurs during a transmission, where each time interval is the period between changes of transmitter state (including changes in emission amplitude, frequency, phase, or combination of these, as authorized) By taking the square root of the shortest (signaling) time interval (in minutes) that occurs during a transmission, where each time interval is the period between changes of transmitter state (including changes in emission amplitude, frequency, phase, or combination of these, as authorized) 3A-13.2 What is the maximum sending speed permitted for an emission F1B transmission below 28-MHz? 56 kilobauds 19.6 kilobauds 1200 bauds 300 bauds 3A-14.3 Under what circumstances, if any, may an amateur station engage in some form of broadcasting? During severe storms, amateurs may broadcast weather information for people with scanners Under no circumstances If power levels under one watt are used, amateur stations may broadcast information bulletins, but not music Amateur broadcasting is permissible above 10 GHz 3A-14.6 What protection, if any, is afforded an amateur station transmission against retransmission by a broadcast station? No protection whatsoever The broadcaster must secure permission for retransmission from the control operator of the amateur station The broadcaster must petition the FCC for retransmission rights 30 days in advance Retransmissions may only be made during a declared emergency 3A-15.1 Under what circumstances, if any, may the playing of a violin be transmitted by an amateur station? When the music played produces no dissonances or spurious emissions When it is used to jam an illegal transmission Only above 1215 MHz Transmitting music is not permitted in the Amateur Service 3A-15.3 Under what circumstances, if any, may the playing of a piano be transmitted by an amateur station? When it is used to jam an illegal transmission Only above 1215 MHz Transmitting music is not permitted in the Amateur Service When the music played produces no dissonances or spurious emissions 3A-15.4 Under what circumstances, if any, may the playing of a harmonica be transmitted by an amateur station? When the music played produces no dissonances or spurious emissions Transmitting music is not permitted in the Amateur Service When it is used to jam an illegal transmission Only above 1215 MHz 3A-16.1 Under what circumstances, if any, may an amateur station transmit a message in a secret code in order to obscure the meaning? Only above 450 MHz Only on Field Day Never Only during a declared communications emergency 3A-16.2 What types of abbreviations or signals are not considered codes or ciphers? Abbreviations and signals certified by the ARRL Abbreviations and signals established by regulation or custom and usage and whose intent is to facilitate communication and not to obscure meaning No abbreviations are permitted, as they tend to obscure the meaning of the message to FCC monitoring stations Only "10-codes" are permitted 3A-16.3 When, if ever, are codes and ciphers permitted in domestic amateur radiocommunications? Codes and ciphers are prohibited under all circumstances Codes and ciphers are permitted during ARRL-sponsored contests Codes and ciphers are permitted during nationally declared emergencies Codes and ciphers are permitted above 2.3 GHz 3A-16.4 When, if ever, are codes and ciphers permitted in international amateur radiocommunications? Codes and ciphers are prohibited under all circumstances Codes and ciphers are permitted during ITU-sponsored DX contests Codes and ciphers are permitted during internationally declared emergencies Codes and ciphers are permitted only on frequencies above 2.3 GHz 'SUBELEMENT 3BB -- Operating Procedures (3 questions) 3 3B-1.4 What is meant by the term flattopping in an emission J3E transmission? Signal distortion caused by insufficient collector current The transmitter's automatic level control is properly adjusted Signal distortion caused by excessive drive The transmitter's carrier is properly suppressed 3B-1.5 How should the microphone gain control be adjusted on an emission J3E transmitter? For full deflection of the ALC meter on modulation peaks For slight movement of the ALC meter on modulation peaks For 100% frequency deviation on modulation peaks For a dip in plate current 3B-2.1 In which segment of the 20 meter band do most emission F1B transmissions take place? Between 14.000 and 14.050 MHz Between 14.075 and 14.100 MHz Between 14.150 and 14.225 MHz Between 14.275 and 14.350 MHz 3B-2.2 In which segment of the 80 meter band do most emission F1B transmissions take place? 3.610 to 3.630 MHz 3500 to 3525 kHz 3700 to 3750 kHz 3.775 to 3.825 MHz 3B-2.3 What is meant by the term Baudot? Baudot is a 7-bit code, with start, stop and parity bits Baudot is a 7-bit code in which each character has four mark and three space bits Baudot is a 5-bit code, with additional start and stop bits Baudot is a 6-bit code, with additional start, stop and parity bits 3B-2.4 What is meant by the term ASCII? ASCII is a 7-bit code, with additional start, stop and parity bits ASCII is a 7-bit code in which each character has four mark and three space bits ASCII is a 5-bit code, with additional start and stop bits ASCII is a 5-bit code in which each character has three mark and two space bits 3B-2.6 What is the most common frequency shift for emission F1B transmissions in the amateur HF bands? 85 Hz 170 Hz 425 Hz 850 Hz 3B-2.10 What are the two subset modes of AMTOR? A mark of 2125 Hz and a space of 2295 Hz Baudot and ASCII ARQ and FEC USB and LSB 3B-2.11 What is the meaning of the term ARQ? Automatic Repeater Queue Automatic Receiver Quieting Automatically Resend Quickly Automatic Repeat Request 3B-2.12 What is the meaning of the term FEC? Frame Error Check Forward Error Correction Frequency Envelope Control Frequency Encoded Connection 3B-3.8 What is a band plan? An outline adopted by Amateur Radio operators for operating within a specific portion of radio spectrum An arrangement for deviating from FCC Rules and Regulations A schedule for operating devised by the Federal Communications Commission A plan devised for a club on how best to use a band during a contest 3B-3.12 What is the usual input/output frequency separation for a 10 meter station in repeater operation? 100 kHz 600 kHz 1.6 MHz 170 Hz 3B-4.1 What is meant by the term VOX transmitter control? Circuitry that causes the transmitter to transmit automatically when the operator speaks into the microphone Circuitry that shifts the frequency of the transmitter when the operator switches from radiotelegraphy to radiotelephony Circuitry that activates the receiver incremental tuning in a transceiver Circuitry that isolates the microphone from the ambient noise level 3B-4.2 What is the common name for the circuit that causes a transmitter to automatically transmit when a person speaks into the microphone? VXO VOX VCO VFO 3B-5.1 What is meant by the term full break-in telegraphy? A system of radiotelegraph communication in which the breaking station sends the Morse Code symbol BK A system of radiotelegraph communication in which only automatic keyers can be used A system of radiotelegraph communication in which the operator must activate the send-receive switch after completing a transmission A system of radiotelegraph communication in which the receiver is sensitive to incoming signals between transmitted key pulses 3B-5.2 What Q signal is used to indicate full break-in telegraphy capability? QSB QSF QSK QSV 3B-6.1 When selecting an emission A1A transmitting frequency, what is the minimum frequency separation from a QSO in progress that should be allowed in order to minimize interference? 5 to 50 Hz 150 to 500 Hz Approximately 3 kHz Approximately 6 kHz 3B-6.2 When selecting an emission J3E transmitting frequency, what is the minimum frequency separation from a QSO in progress that should be allowed in order to minimize interference? 150 to 500 Hz between suppressed carriers Approximately 3 kHz between suppressed carriers Approximately 6 kHz between suppressed carriers Approximately 10 kHz between suppressed carriers 3B-6.3 When selecting an emission F1B RTTY transmitting frequency, what is the minimum frequency separation from a QSO in progress that should be allowed in order to minimize interference? Approximately 45 Hz center to center Approximately 250 to 500 Hz center to center Approximately 3 kHz center to center Approximately 6 kHz center to center 3B-7.1 What is an azimuthal map? A map projection that is always centered on the North Pole A map projection, centered on a particular location, that determines the shortest path between two points on the surface of the earth A map that shows the angle at which an amateur satellite crosses the equator A map that shows the number of degrees longitude that an amateur satellite appears to move westward at the equator with each orbit 3B-7.2 How can an azimuthal map be helpful in conducting international HF radiocommunications? It is used to determine the proper beam heading for the shortest path to a DX station It is used to determine the most efficient transmitting antenna height to conduct the desired communication It is used to determine the angle at which an amateur satellite crosses the equator It is used to determine the maximum usable frequency (MUF) 3B-7.3 What is the most useful type of map when orienting a directional antenna toward a station 5,000 miles distant? Azimuthal Mercator Polar projection Topographical 3B-7.4 A directional antenna pointed in the long-path direction to another station is generally oriented how many degrees from the short-path heading? 45 degrees 90 degrees 180 degrees 270 degrees 3B-7.5 What is the short-path heading to Antarctica? Approximately 0 degrees Approximately 90 degrees Approximately 180 degrees Approximately 270 degrees 3B-8.1 When permitted, transmissions to amateur stations in another country must be limited to only what type of messages? Messages of any type are permitted Messages that compete with public telecommunications services Messages of a technical nature or remarks of a personal character of relative unimportance Such transmissions are never permitted 3B-8.2 In which International Telecommunication Union Region is the continental United States? Region 1 Region 2 Region 3 Region 4 3B-8.3 In which International Telecommunication Union Region is Alaska? Region 1 Region 2 Region 3 Region 4 3B-8.4 In which International Telecommunication Union Region is American Samoa? Region 1 Region 2 Region 3 Region 4 3B-8.5 For uniformity in international radiocommunication, what time measurement standard should amateur radio operators worldwide use? Eastern Standard Time Uniform Calibrated Time Coordinated Universal Time Universal Time Control 3B-8.6 In which International Telecommunication Union Region is Hawaii? Region 1 Region 2 Region 3 Region 4 3B-8.7 In which International Telecommunication Union Region are the Northern Mariana Islands? Region 1 Region 2 Region 3 Region 4 3B-8.8 In which International Telecommunication Union Region is Guam? Region 1 Region 2 Region 3 Region 4 3B-8.9 In which International Telecommunication Union Region is Wake Island? Region 1 Region 2 Region 3 Region 4 3B-10.1 What is the Amateur Auxiliary to the FCC's Field Operations Bureau? Amateur Volunteers formally enlisted to monitor the airwaves for rules violations Amateur Volunteers who conduct Amateur Radio licensing examinations Amateur Volunteers who conduct frequency coordination for amateur VHF repeaters Amateur Volunteers who determine height above average terrain measurements for repeater installations 3B-10.2 What are the objectives of the Amateur Auxiliary to the FCC's Field Operations Bureau? To enforce amateur self-regulation and compliance with the rules To foster amateur self-regulation and compliance with the rules To promote efficient and orderly spectrum usage in the repeater subbands To provide emergency and public safety communications 'SUBELEMENT 3BC -- Radio-Wave Propagation (3 questions) 3 3C-1.6 What is the maximum distance along the earth's surface that can normally be covered in one hop using the F2 layer? Approximately 180 miles Approximately 1200 miles Approximately 2500 miles No distance; this layer does not support radio communication 3C-1.7 What is the maximum distance along the earth's surface that can be covered in one hop using the E layer? Approximately 180 miles Approximately 1200 miles Approximately 2500 miles No distance; this layer does not support radio communication 3C-1.9 What is the average height of maximum ionization of the E layer? 45 miles 70 miles 200 miles 1200 miles 3C-1.10 During what part of the day, and in what season of the year can the F2 layer be expected to reach its maximum height? At noon during the summer At midnight during the summer At dusk in the spring and fall At noon during the winter 3C-1.13 What is the critical angle, as used in radio wave propagation? The lowest take off angle that will return a radio wave to earth under specific ionospheric conditions The compass direction of the desired DX station from your location The 180-degree-inverted compass direction of the desired DX station from your location The highest take off angle that will return a radio wave to earth during specific ionospheric conditions 3C-2.3 What is the main reason that the 160, 80, and 40 meter amateur bands tend to be useful for only short-distance communications during daylight hours? Because of a lack of activity Because of auroral propagation Because of D-layer absorption Because of magnetic flux 3C-2.4 What is the principal reason the 160 meter through 40 meter bands are useful for only short-distance radiocommunications during daylight hours? F-layer bending Gamma radiation D-layer absorption Tropospheric ducting 3C-3.3 If the maximum usable frequency on the path from Minnesota to Africa is 22-MHz, which band should offer the best chance for a successful QSO? 10 meters 15 meters 20 meters 40 meters 3C-3.4 If the maximum usable frequency on the path from Ohio to West Germany is 17-MHz, which band should offer the best chance for a successful QSO? 80 meters 40 meters 20 meters 2 meters 3C-5.1 Over what periods of time do sudden ionospheric disturbances normally last? The entire day A few minutes to a few hours A few hours to a few days Approximately one week 3C-5.2 What can be done at an amateur station to continue radiocommunications during a sudden ionospheric disturbance? Try a higher frequency Try the other sideband Try a different antenna polarization Try a different frequency shift 3C-5.3 What effect does a sudden ionospheric disturbance have on the daylight ionospheric propagation of HF radio waves? Disrupts higher-latitude paths more than lower-latitude paths Disrupts transmissions on lower frequencies more than those on higher frequencies Disrupts communications via satellite more than direct communications None. Only dark (as in nighttime) areas of the globe are affected 3C-5.4 How long does it take a solar disturbance that increases the sun's ultraviolet radiation to cause ionospheric disturbances on earth? Instantaneously 1.5 seconds 8 minutes 20 to 40 hours 3C-5.5 Sudden ionospheric disturbances cause increased radio wave absorption in which layer of the ionosphere? D layer E layer F1 layer F2 layer 3C-6.2 What is a characteristic of backscatter signals? High intelligibility A wavering sound Reversed modulation Reversed sidebands 3C-6.4 What makes backscatter signals often sound distorted? Auroral activity and changes in the earth's magnetic field The propagation through ground waves that absorb much of the signal's clarity The earth's E-layer at the point of radio wave refraction The small part of the signal's energy scattered back to the transmitter skip zone through several radio-wave paths 3C-6.5 What is the radio wave propagation phenomenon that allows a signal to be detected at a distance too far for ground wave propagation but too near for normal sky wave propagation? Ground wave Scatter Sporadic-E skip Short path skip 3C-6.6 When does ionospheric scatter propagation on the HF bands most often occur? When the sunspot cycle is at a minimum At night When the F1 and F2 layers are combined At frequencies above the maximum usable frequency 3C-7.1 What is solar flux? The density of the sun's magnetic field The radio energy emitted by the sun The number of sunspots on the side of the sun facing the earth A measure of the tilt of the earth's ionosphere on the side toward the sun 3C-7.2 What is the solar-flux index? A measure of past measurements of solar activity A measurement of solar activity that compares daily readings with results from the last six months Another name for the American sunspot number A measure of solar activity that is taken daily 3C-7.3 What is a timely indicator of solar activity? The 2800-MHz solar flux index The mean Canadian sunspot number A clock set to Coordinated Universal Time Van Allen radiation measurements taken at Boulder, Colorado 3C-7.4 What type of propagation conditions on the 15 meter band are indicated by a solar-flux index value of 60 to 70? Unpredictable ionospheric propagation No ionospheric propagation is possible Excellent ionospheric propagation Poor ionospheric propagation 3C-7.5 A solar flux index in the range of 90 to 110 indicates what type of propagation conditions on the 15 meter band? Poor ionospheric propagation No ionospheric propagation is possible Unpredictable ionospheric propagation Good ionospheric propagation 3C-7.6 A solar flux index of greater than 120 would indicate what type of propagation conditions on the 10 meter band? Good ionospheric propagation Poor ionospheric propagation No ionospheric propagation is possible Unpredictable ionospheric propagation 3C-7.7 For widespread long distance openings on the 6 meter band, what solar-flux index values would be required? Less than 50 Approximately 75 Greater than 100 Greater than 250 3C-7.8 If the MUF is high and HF radiocommunications are generally good for several days, a similar condition can usually be expected how many days later? 7 days 14 days 28 days 90 days 3C-10.1 What is a geomagnetic disturbance? A sudden drop in the solar-flux index A shifting of the earth's magnetic pole Ripples in the ionosphere A dramatic change in the earth's magnetic field over a short period of time 3C-10.2 Which latitude paths are more susceptible to geomagnetic disturbances? Those greater than 45 degrees latitude Those less than 45 degrees latitude Equatorial paths All paths are affected equally 3C-10.3 What can be the effect of a major geomagnetic storm on radiocommunications? Improved high-latitude HF communications Degraded high-latitude HF communications Improved ground-wave propagation Improved chances of ducting at UHF 3C-10.4 How long does it take a solar disturbance that increases the sun's radiation of charged particles to affect radio wave propagation on earth? The effect is instantaneous 1.5 seconds 8 minutes 20 to 40 hours 'SUBELEMENT 3BD -- Amateur Radio Practice (5 questions) 5 3D-1.5 Which wires in a four conductor line cord should be attached to fuses in a 234-VAC primary (single phase) power supply? Only the "hot" (black and red) wires Only the "neutral" (white) wire Only the ground (bare) wire All wires 3D-1.6 What size wire is normally used on a 15-ampere, 117-VAC household lighting circuit? AWG number 14 AWG number 16 AWG number 18 AWG number 22 3D-1.7 What size wire is normally used on a 20-ampere, 117-VAC household appliance circuit? AWG number 20 AWG number 16 AWG number 14 AWG number 12 3D-1.8 What could be a cause of the room lights dimming when the transmitter is keyed? RF in the AC pole transformer High resistance in the key contacts A drop in AC line voltage The line cord is wired incorrectly 3D-1.9 What size fuse should be used on a #12 wire household appliance circuit? Maximum of 100 amperes Maximum of 60 amperes Maximum of 30 amperes Maximum of 20 amperes 3D-2.4 What safety feature is provided by a bleeder resistor in a power supply? It improves voltage regulation It discharges the filter capacitors It removes shock hazards from the induction coils It eliminates ground-loop current 3D-3.1 What kind of input signal is used to test the amplitude linearity of an emission J3E transmitter while viewing the output on an oscilloscope? Normal speech An audio-frequency sine wave Two audio-frequency sine waves An audio-frequency square wave 3D-3.2 To test the amplitude linearity of an emission J3E transmitter with an oscilloscope, what should the audio input to the transmitter be? Normal speech An audio-frequency sine wave Two audio-frequency sine waves An audio-frequency square wave 3D-3.3 How are two-tones used to test the amplitude linearity of an emission J3E transmitter? Two harmonically related audio tones are fed into the microphone input of a J3E transmitter, and the output is observed on an oscilloscope Two harmonically related audio tones are fed into the microphone input of the transmitter, and the output is observed on a distortion analyzer Two non-harmonically related audio tones are fed into the microphone input of the transmitter, and the output is observed on an oscilloscope Two non-harmonically related audio tones are fed into the microphone input of the transmitter, and the output is observed on a wattmeter 3D-3.4 What audio frequencies are used in a two-tone test of the linearity of an emission J3E transmitter? 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz tones must be used 1200 Hz and 2400 Hz tones must be used Any two audio tones may be used, if they are harmonically related Any two audio tones may be used, but they must be within the transmitter audio passband, and should not be harmonically related 3D-3.5 What can be determined by making a two-tone test using an oscilloscope? The percent of frequency modulation The percent of carrier phase shift The frequency deviation The amplifier linearity 3D-4.1 How can the grid-current meter in a power amplifier be used as a neutralizing indicator? Tune for minimum change in grid current as the output circuit is changed Tune for maximum change in grid current as the output circuit is changed Tune for minimum grid current Tune for maximum grid current 3D-4.2 Why is neutralization in some vacuum tube amplifiers necessary? To reduce the limits of loaded Q in practical tuned circuits To reduce grid to cathode leakage To cancel acid build-up caused by thorium oxide gas To cancel oscillation caused by the effects of interelectrode capacitance 3D-4.3 How is neutralization of an RF amplifier accomplished? By supplying energy from the amplifier output to the input on alternate half cycles By supplying energy from the amplifier output to the input shifted 360 degrees out of phase By supplying energy from the amplifier output to the input shifted 180 degrees out of phase By supplying energy from the amplifier output to the input with a proper DC bias 3D-4.4 What purpose does a neutralizing circuit serve in an RF amplifier? It controls differential gain It cancels the effects of positive feedback It eliminates circulating currents It reduces incidental grid modulation 3D-4.5 What is the reason for neutralizing the final amplifier stage of a transmitter? To limit the modulation index To eliminate parasitic oscillations To cut off the final amplifier during standby periods To keep the carrier on frequency 3D-5.1 How can the output PEP of a transmitter be determined with an oscilloscope? Measure peak load voltage across a resistive load with an oscilloscope, and calculate, using PEP = [(Vp)(Vp)]/(RL) Measure peak load voltage across a resistive load with an oscilloscope, and calculate, using PEP = [(0.707 PEV)(0.707 PEV)]/RL Measure peak load voltage across a resistive load with an oscilloscope, and calculate, using PEP = (Vp)(Vp)(RL) Measure peak load voltage across a resistive load with an oscilloscope, and calculate, using PEP = [(1.414 PEV)(1.414 PEV)]/RL 3D-5.5 What is the output PEP from a transmitter when an oscilloscope shows 200-volts peak-to-peak across a 50 ohm resistor connected to the transmitter output terminals? 100 watts 200 watts 400 watts 1000 watts 3D-5.6 What is the output PEP from a transmitter when an oscilloscope shows 500-volts peak-to-peak across a 50 ohm resistor connected to the transmitter output terminals? 500 watts 625 watts 1250 watts 2500 watts 3D-5.7 What is the output PEP from an N0N transmitter when an average-reading wattmeter connected to the transmitter output terminals indicates 1060 watts? 530 watts 1060 watts 1500 watts 2120 watts 3D-6.1 What item of test equipment contains horizontal and vertical channel amplifiers? The ohmmeter The signal generator The ammeter The oscilloscope 3D-6.2 What types of signals can an oscilloscope measure? Any time-dependent signal within the bandwidth capability of the instrument Blinker-light signals from ocean-going vessels International nautical flag signals Signals created by aeronautical flares 3D-6.3 What is an oscilloscope? An instrument that displays the radiation resistance of an antenna An instrument that displays the SWR on a feed line An instrument that displays the resistance in a circuit An instrument that displays signal waveforms 3D-6.4 What can cause phosphor damage to an oscilloscope cathode ray tube? Directly connecting deflection electrodes to the cathode ray tube Too high an intensity setting Overdriving the vertical amplifier Improperly adjusted focus 3D-9.1 What is a signal tracer? A direction-finding antenna An aid for following schematic diagrams A device for detecting signals in a circuit A device for drawing signal waveforms 3D-9.2 How is a signal tracer used? To detect the presence of a signal in the various stages of a receiver To locate a source of interference To trace the path of a radio signal through the ionosphere To draw a waveform on paper 3D-9.3 What is a signal tracer normally used for? To identify the source of radio transmissions To make exact replicas of signals To give a visual indication of standing waves on open-wire feed lines To identify an inoperative stage in a radio receiver 3D-10.1 What is the most effective way to reduce or eliminate audio frequency interference to home entertainment systems? Install bypass inductors Install bypass capacitors Install metal oxide varistors Install bypass resistors 3D-10.2 What should be done when a properly-operating amateur station is the source of interference to a nearby telephone? Make internal adjustments to the telephone equipment Contact a phone service representative about installing RFI filters Nothing can be done to cure the interference Ground and shield the local telephone distribution amplifier 3D-10.3 What sound is heard from a public address system when audio rectification occurs in response to a nearby emission J3E transmission? A steady hum that persists while the transmitter's carrier is on the air On-and-off humming or clicking Distorted speech from the transmitter's signals Clearly audible speech from the transmitter's signals 3D-10.4 How can the possibility of audio rectification occurring be minimized? By using a solid state transmitter By using CW emission only By ensuring all station equipment is properly grounded By using AM emission only 3D-10.5 What sound is heard from a public address system when audio rectification occurs in response to a nearby emission A3E transmission? Audible, possibly distorted speech from the transmitter signals On-and-off humming or clicking Muffled, distorted speech from the transmitter's signals Extremely loud, severely distorted speech from the transmitter's signals 3D-12.2 What is the reason for using a speech processor with an emission J3E transmitter? A properly adjusted speech processor reduces average transmitter power requirements A properly adjusted speech processor reduces unwanted noise pickup from the microphone A properly adjusted speech processor improves voice frequency fidelity A properly adjusted speech processor improves signal intelligibility at the receiver 3D-12.3 When a transmitter is 100% modulated, will a speech processor increase the output PEP? Yes No It will decrease the transmitter's peak power output It will decrease the transmitter's average power output 3D-12.4 Under which band conditions should a speech processor not be used? When there is high atmospheric noise on the band When the band is crowded When the frequency in use is clear When the sunspot count is relatively high 3D-12.5 What effect can result from using a speech processor with an emission J3E transmitter? A properly adjusted speech processor reduces average transmitter power requirements A properly adjusted speech processor reduces unwanted noise pickup from the microphone A properly adjusted speech processor improves voice frequency fidelity A properly adjusted speech processor improves signal intelligibility at the receiver 3D-13.1 At what point in a coaxial line should an electronic T-R switch be installed? Between the transmitter and low-pass filter Between the low-pass filter and antenna At the antenna feed point Right after the low-pass filter 3D-13.2 Why is an electronic T-R switch preferable to a mechanical one? Greater receiver sensitivity Circuit simplicity Higher operating speed Cleaner output signals 3D-13.3 What station accessory facilitates QSK operation? Oscilloscope Audio CW filter Antenna relay Electronic TR switch 3D-14.6 What is an antenna noise bridge? An instrument for measuring the noise figure of an antenna or other electrical circuit An instrument for measuring the impedance of an antenna or other electrical circuit An instrument for measuring solar flux An instrument for tuning out noise in a receiver 3D-14.7 How is an antenna noise bridge used? It is connected at the antenna feed point, and the noise is read directly It is connected between a transmitter and an antenna and tuned for minimum SWR It is connected between a receiver and an unknown impedance and tuned for minimum noise It is connected between an antenna and a Transmatch and adjusted for minimum SWR 3D-15.1 How does the emitted waveform from a properly-adjusted emission J3E transmitter appear on a monitoring oscilloscope? A vertical line A waveform that mirrors the input waveform A square wave Two loops at right angles 3D-15.2 What is the best instrument for checking transmitted signal quality from an emissions A1A/J3E transmitter? A monitor oscilloscope A field strength meter A sidetone monitor A diode probe and an audio amplifier 3D-15.3 What is a monitoring oscilloscope? A device used by the FCC to detect out-of-band signals A device used to observe the waveform of a transmitted signal A device used to display SSTV signals A device used to display signals in a receiver IF stage 3D-15.4 How is a monitoring oscilloscope connected in a station in order to check the quality of the transmitted signal? Connect the receiver IF output to the vertical-deflection plates of the oscilloscope Connect the transmitter audio input to the oscilloscope vertical input Connect a receiving antenna directly to the oscilloscope vertical input Connect the transmitter output to the vertical-deflection plates of the oscilloscope 3D-17.2 What is the most appropriate instrument to use when determining antenna horizontal radiation patterns? A field strength meter A grid-dip meter A wave meter A vacuum-tube voltmeter 3D-17.3 What is a field-strength meter? A device for determining the standing-wave ratio on a transmission line A device for checking modulation on the output of a transmitter A device for monitoring relative RF output A device for increasing the average transmitter output 3D-17.4 What is a simple instrument that can be useful for monitoring relative RF output during antenna and transmitter adjustments? A field-strength meter An antenna noise bridge A multimeter A Transmatch 3D-17.5 When the power output from a transmitter is increased by four times, how should the S-meter reading on a nearby receiver change? Decrease by approximately one S-unit Increase by approximately one S-unit Increase by approximately four S-units Decrease by approximately four S-units 3D-17.6 By how many times must the power output from a transmitter be increased to raise the S-meter reading on a nearby receiver from S-8 to S-9? Approximately 2 times Approximately 3 times Approximately 4 times Approximately 5 times 'SUBELEMENT 3BE -- Electrical Principles (2 questions) 2 3E-1.1 What is meant by the term impedance? The electric charge stored by a capacitor The opposition to the flow of AC in a circuit containing only capacitance The opposition to the flow of AC in a circuit The force of repulsion presented to an electric field by another field with the same charge 3E-1.2 What is the opposition to the flow of AC in a circuit containing both resistance and reactance called? Ohm Joule Impedance Watt 3E-3.1 What is meant by the term reactance? Opposition to DC caused by resistors Opposition to AC caused by inductors and capacitors A property of ideal resistors in AC circuits A large spark produced at switch contacts when an inductor is de-energized 3E-3.2 What is the opposition to the flow of AC caused by an inductor called? Resistance Reluctance Admittance Reactance 3E-3.3 What is the opposition to the flow of AC caused by a capacitor called? Resistance Reluctance Admittance Reactance 3E-3.4 How does a coil react to AC? As the frequency of the applied AC increases, the reactance decreases As the amplitude of the applied AC increases, the reactance also increases As the amplitude of the applied AC increases, the reactance decreases As the frequency of the applied AC increases, the reactance also increases 3E-3.5 How does a capacitor react to AC? As the frequency of the applied AC increases, the reactance decreases As the frequency of the applied AC increases, the reactance increases As the amplitude of the applied AC increases, the reactance also increases As the amplitude of the applied AC increases, the reactance decreases 3E-6.1 When will a power source deliver maximum output? When the impedance of the load is equal to the impedance of the source When the SWR has reached a maximum value When the power supply fuse rating equals the primary winding current When air wound transformers are used instead of iron core transformers 3E-6.2 What is meant by impedance matching? To make the load impedance much greater than the source impedance To make the load impedance much less than the source impedance To use a balun at the antenna feed point To make the load impedance equal the source impedance 3E-6.3 What occurs when the impedance of an electrical load is equal to the internal impedance of the power source? The source delivers minimum power to the load There will be a high SWR condition No current can flow through the circuit The source delivers maximum power to the load 3E-6.4 Why is impedance matching important in radio work? So the source can deliver maximum power to the load So the load will draw minimum power from the source To ensure that there is less resistance than reactance in the circuit To ensure that the resistance and reactance in the circuit are equal 3E-7.2 What is the unit measurement of reactance? Mho Ohm Ampere Siemen 3E-7.4 What is the unit measurement of impedance? Ohm Volt Ampere Watt 3E-10.1 What is a bel? The basic unit used to describe a change in power levels The basic unit used to describe a change in inductances The basic unit used to describe a change in capacitances The basic unit used to describe a change in resistances 3E-10.2 What is a decibel? A unit used to describe a change in power levels, equal to 0.1 bel A unit used to describe a change in power levels, equal to 0.01 bel A unit used to describe a change in power levels, equal to 10 bels A unit used to describe a change in power levels, equal to 100 bels 3E-10.3 Under ideal conditions, a barely detectable change in loudness is approximately how many dB? 12 dB 6 dB 3 dB 1 dB 3E-10.4 A two-times increase in power results in a change of how many dB? Multiplying the original power by 2 gives a new power that is 1 dB higher Multiplying the original power by 2 gives a new power that is 3 dB higher Multiplying the original power by 2 gives a new power that is 6 dB higher Multiplying the original power by 2 gives a new power that is 12 dB higher 3E-10.5 An increase of 6 dB results from raising the power by how many times? Multiply the original power by 1.5 to get the new power Multiply the original power by 2 to get the new power Multiply the original power by 3 to get the new power Multiply the original power by 4 to get the new power 3E-10.6 A decrease of 3 dB results from lowering the power by how many times? Divide the original power by 1.5 to get the new power Divide the original power by 2 to get the new power Divide the original power by 3 to get the new power Divide the original power by 4 to get the new power 3E-10.7 A signal strength report is "10 dB over S9". If the transmitter power is reduced from 1500 watts to 150 watts, what should be the new signal strength report? S5 S7 S9 S9 plus 5 dB 3E-10.8 A signal strength report is "20 dB over S9". If the transmitter power is reduced from 1500 watts to 150 watts, what should be the new signal strength report? S5 S7 S9 S9 plus 10 dB 3E-10.9 A signal strength report is "20 dB over S9". If the transmitter power is reduced from 1500 watts to 15 watts, what should be the new signal strength report? S5 S7 S9 S9 plus 10 dB 3E-12.1 If a 1.0-ampere current source is connected to two parallel-connected 10 ohm resistors, how much current passes through each resistor? 10 amperes 2 amperes 1 ampere 0.5 ampere 3E-12.3 In a parallel circuit with a voltage source and several branch resistors, what relationship does the total current have to the current in the branch circuits? The total current equals the average of the branch current through each resistor The total current equals the sum of the branch current through each resistor The total current decreases as more parallel resistors are added to the circuit The total current is calculated by adding the voltage drops across each resistor and multiplying the sum by the total number of all circuit resistors 3E-13.1 How many watts of electrical power are being used when a 400-VDC power source supplies an 800 ohm load? 0.5 watt 200 watts 400 watts 320,000 watts 3E-13.2 How many watts of electrical power are being consumed by a 12-VDC pilot light which draws 0.2-amperes? 60 watts 24 watts 6 watts 2.4 watts 3E-13.3 How many watts are being dissipated when 7.0-milliamperes flows through 1.25 kilohms? Approximately 61 milliwatts Approximately 39 milliwatts Approximately 11 milliwatts Approximately 9 milliwatts 3E-14.1 How is the total resistance calculated for several resistors in series? The total resistance must be divided by the number of resistors to ensure accurate measurement of resistance The total resistance is always the lowest-rated resistance The total resistance is found by adding the individual resistances together The tolerance of each resistor must be raised proportionally to the number of resistors 3E-14.2 What is the total resistance of two equal, parallel-connected resistors? Twice the resistance of either resistance The sum of the two resistances The total resistance cannot be determined without knowing the exact resistances Half the resistance of either resistor 3E-14.3 What is the total inductance of two equal, parallel-connected inductors? Half the inductance of either inductor, assuming no mutual coupling Twice the inductance of either inductor, assuming no mutual coupling The sum of the two inductances, assuming no mutual coupling The total inductance cannot be determined without knowing the exact inductances 3E-14.4 What is the total capacitance of two equal, parallel-connected capacitors? Half the capacitance of either capacitor Twice the capacitance of either capacitor The value of either capacitor The total capacitance cannot be determined without knowing the exact capacitances 3E-14.5 What is the total resistance of two equal, series-connected resistors? Half the resistance of either resistor Twice the resistance of either resistor The value of either resistor The total resistance cannot be determined without knowing the exact resistances 3E-14.6 What is the total inductance of two equal, series-connected inductors? Half the inductance of either inductor, assuming no mutual coupling Twice the inductance of either inductor, assuming no mutual coupling The value of either inductor, assuming no mutual coupling The total inductance cannot be determined without knowing the exact inductances 3E-14.7 What is the total capacitance of two equal, series-connected capacitors? Half the capacitance of either capacitor Twice the capacitance of either capacitor The value of either capacitor The total capacitance cannot be determined without knowing the exact capacitances 3E-15.1 What is the voltage across a 500 turn secondary winding in a transformer when the 2250 turn primary is connected to 117-VAC? 2369 volts 526.5 volts 26 volts 5.8 volts 3E-15.2 What is the turns ratio of a transformer to match an audio amplifier having an output impedance of 200 ohms to a speaker having an impedance of 10 ohms? 4.47 to 1 14.14 to 1 20 to 1 400 to 1 3E-15.3 What is the turns ratio of a transformer to match an audio amplifier having an output impedance of 600 ohms to a speaker having an impedance of 4 ohms? 12.2 to 1 24.4 to 1 150 to 1 300 to 1 3E-15.4 What is the impedance of a speaker which requires a transformer with a turns ratio of 24 to 1 to match an audio amplifier having an output impedance of 2000 ohms? 576 ohms 83.3 ohms 7.0 ohms 3.5 ohms 3E-16.1 What is the voltage that would produce the same amount of heat over time in a resistive element as would an applied sine wave AC voltage? A DC voltage equal to the peak-to-peak value of the AC voltage A DC voltage equal to the RMS value of the AC voltage A DC voltage equal to the average value of the AC voltage A DC voltage equal to the peak value of the AC voltage 3E-16.2 What is the peak-to-peak voltage of a sine wave which has an RMS voltage of 117-volts? 82.7 volts 165.5 volts 183.9 volts 330.9 volts 3E-16.3 A sine wave of 17-volts peak is equivalent to how many volts RMS? 8.5 volts 12 volts 24 volts 34 volts 'SUBELEMENT 3BF -- Circuit Components (1 question) 1 3F-1.5 What is the effect of an increase in ambient temperature on the resistance of a carbon resistor? The resistance will increase by 20% for every 10 degrees centigrade that the temperature increases The resistance stays the same The resistance change depends on the resistor's temperature coefficient rating The resistance becomes time dependent 3F-2.6 What type of capacitor is often used in power supply circuits to filter the rectified AC? Disc ceramic Vacuum variable Mica Electrolytic 3F-2.7 What type of capacitor is used in power supply circuits to filter transient voltage spikes across the transformer secondary winding? High-value Trimmer Vacuum variable Suppressor 3F-3.5 How do inductors become self-resonant? Through distributed electromagnetism Through eddy currents Through distributed capacitance Through parasitic hysteresis 3F-4.1 What circuit component can change 120-VAC to 400-VAC? A transformer A capacitor A diode An SCR 3F-4.2 What is the source of energy connected to in a transformer? To the secondary winding To the primary winding To the core To the plates 3F-4.3 When there is no load attached to the secondary winding of a transformer, what is current in the primary winding called? Magnetizing current Direct current Excitation current Stabilizing current 3F-4.4 In what terms are the primary and secondary windings ratings of a power transformer usually specified? Joules per second Peak inverse voltage Coulombs per second Volts or volt-amperes 3F-5.1 What is the peak-inverse-voltage rating of a power supply rectifier? The highest transient voltage the diode will handle 1.4 times the AC frequency The maximum voltage to be applied in the non-conducting direction 2.8 times the AC frequency 3F-5.2 Why must silicon rectifier diodes be thermally protected? Because of their proximity to the power transformer Because they will be destroyed if they become too hot Because of their susceptibility to transient voltages Because of their use in high-voltage applications 3F-5.4 What are the two major ratings for silicon diode rectifiers of the type used in power supply circuits which must not be exceeded? Peak load impedance; peak voltage Average power; average voltage Capacitive reactance; avalanche voltage Peak inverse voltage; average forward current 'SUBELEMENT 3BG -- Practical Circuits (1 question) 1 3G-1.1 Why should a resistor and capacitor be wired in parallel with power supply rectifier diodes? To equalize voltage drops and guard against transient voltage spikes To ensure that the current through each diode is about the same To smooth the output waveform To decrease the output voltage 3G-1.2 What function do capacitors serve when resistors and capacitors are connected in parallel with high voltage power supply rectifier diodes? They double or triple the output voltage They block the alternating current They protect those diodes that develop back resistance faster than other diodes They regulate the output voltage 3G-1.3 What is the output waveform of an unfiltered full-wave rectifier connected to a resistive load? A steady DC voltage A sine wave at half the frequency of the AC input A series of pulses at the same frequency as the AC input A series of pulses at twice the frequency of the AC input 3G-1.4 How many degrees of each cycle does a half-wave rectifier utilize? 90 degrees 180 degrees 270 degrees 360 degrees 3G-1.5 How many degrees of each cycle does a full-wave rectifier utilize? 90 degrees 180 degrees 270 degrees 360 degrees 3G-1.6 Where is a power supply bleeder resistor connected? Across the filter capacitor Across the power-supply input Between the transformer primary and secondary Across the inductor in the output filter 3G-1.7 What components comprise a power supply filter network? Diodes Transformers and transistors Quartz crystals Capacitors and inductors 3G-1.8 What should be the peak-inverse-voltage rating of the rectifier in a full-wave power supply? One-quarter the normal output voltage of the power supply Half the normal output voltage of the power supply Equal to the normal output voltage of the power supply Double the normal peak output voltage of the power supply 3G-1.9 What should be the peak-inverse-voltage rating of the rectifier in a half-wave power supply? One-quarter to one-half the normal peak output voltage of the power supply Half the normal output voltage of the power supply Equal to the normal output voltage of the power supply One to two times the normal peak output voltage of the power supply 3G-2.8 What should the impedance of a low-pass filter be as compared to the impedance of the transmission line into which it is inserted? Substantially higher About the same Substantially lower Twice the transmission line impedance 'SUBELEMENT 3BH -- Signals and Emissions (2 questions) 2 3H-2.1 What is the term for alteration of the amplitude of an RF wave for the purpose of conveying information? Frequency modulation Phase modulation Amplitude rectification Amplitude modulation 3H-2.3 What is the term for alteration of the phase of an RF wave for the purpose of conveying information? Pulse modulation Phase modulation Phase rectification Amplitude modulation 3H-2.4 What is the term for alteration of the frequency of an RF wave for the purpose of conveying information? Phase rectification Frequency rectification Amplitude modulation Frequency modulation 3H-3.1 In what emission type does the instantaneous amplitude (envelope) of the RF signal vary in accordance with the modulating AF? Frequency shift keying Pulse modulation Frequency modulation Amplitude modulation 3H-3.2 What determines the spectrum space occupied by each group of sidebands generated by a correctly operating emission A3E transmitter? The audio frequencies used to modulate the transmitter The phase angle between the audio and radio frequencies being mixed The radio frequencies used in the transmitter's VFO The CW keying speed 3H-4.1 How much is the carrier suppressed in an emission J3E transmission? No more than 20 dB below peak output power No more than 30 dB below peak output power At least 40 dB below peak output power At least 60 dB below peak output power 3H-4.2 What is one advantage of carrier suppression in an emission A3E transmission? Only half the bandwidth is required for the same information content Greater modulation percentage is obtainable with lower distortion More power can be put into the sidebands Simpler equipment can be used to receive a double-sideband suppressed-carrier signal 3H-5.1 Which one of the telephony emissions popular with amateurs occupies the narrowest band of frequencies? Single-sideband emission Double-sideband emission Phase-modulated emission Frequency-modulated emission 3H-5.2 Which emission type is produced by a telephony transmitter having a balanced modulator followed by a 2.5-kHz bandpass filter? PM AM SSB FM 3H-7.2 What emission is produced by a reactance modulator connected to an RF power amplifier? Multiplex modulation Phase modulation Amplitude modulation Pulse modulation 3H-8.1 What purpose does the carrier serve in an emission A3E transmission? The carrier separates the sidebands so they don't cancel in the receiver The carrier contains the modulation information The carrier maintains symmetry of the sidebands to prevent distortion The carrier serves as a reference signal for demodulation by an envelope detector 3H-8.2 What signal component appears in the center of the frequency band of an emission A3E transmission? The lower sidebands The subcarrier The carrier The pilot tone 3H-9.1 What sidebands are generated by an emission A3E transmitter with a 7250-kHz carrier modulated less than 100% by an 800-Hz pure sine wave? 7250.8 kHz and 7251.6 kHz 7250.0 kHz and 7250.8 kHz 7249.2 kHz and 7250.8 kHz 7248.4 kHz and 7249.2 kHz 3H-10.1 How many times over the maximum deviation is the bandwidth of an emission F3E transmission? 1.5 At least 2.0 At least 4.0 The bandwidth cannot be determined without knowing the exact carrier and modulating frequencies involved 3H-10.2 What is the total bandwidth of an emission F3E transmission having 5-kHz deviation and 3-kHz AF? 3 kHz 5 kHz 8 kHz 16 kHz 3H-11.1 What happens to the shape of the RF envelope, as viewed on an oscilloscope, of an emission A3E transmission? The amplitude of the envelope increases and decreases in proportion to the modulating signal The amplitude of the envelope remains constant The brightness of the envelope increases and decreases in proportion to the modulating signal The frequency of the envelope increases and decreases in proportion to the amplitude of the modulating signal 3H-13.1 What results when an emission J3E transmitter is overmodulated? The signal becomes louder with no other effects The signal occupies less bandwidth with poor high frequency response The signal has higher fidelity and improved signal-to-noise ratio The signal becomes distorted and occupies more bandwidth 3H-13.2 What results when an emission A3E transmitter is overmodulated? The signal becomes louder with no other effects The signal becomes distorted and occupies more bandwidth The signal occupies less bandwidth with poor high frequency response The transmitter's carrier frequency deviates 3H-15.1 What is the frequency deviation for a 12.21-MHz reactance-modulated oscillator in a 5-kHz deviation, 146.52-MHz F3E transmitter? 41.67 Hz 416.7 Hz 5 kHz 12 kHz 3H-15.2 What stage in a transmitter would translate a 5.3-MHz input signal to 14.3-MHz? A mixer A beat frequency oscillator A frequency multiplier A linear translator stage 3H-16.4 How many frequency components are in the signal from an AF shift keyer at any instant? One Two Three Four 3H-16.5 How is frequency shift related to keying speed in an FSK signal? The frequency shift in Hertz must be at least four times the keying speed in WPM The frequency shift must not exceed 15 Hz per WPM of keying speed Greater keying speeds require greater frequency shifts Greater keying speeds require smaller frequency shifts 'SUBELEMENT 3BI -- Antennas and Feed Lines (4 questions) 4 3I-1.3 Why is a Yagi antenna often used for radiocommunications on the 20 meter band? It provides excellent omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal plane It is smaller, less expensive and easier to erect than a dipole or vertical antenna It discriminates against interference from other stations off to the side or behind It provides the highest possible angle of radiation for the HF bands 3I-1.7 What method is best suited to match an unbalanced coaxial feed line to a Yagi antenna? "T" match Delta match Hairpin match Gamma match 3I-1.9 How can the bandwidth of a parasitic beam antenna be increased? Use larger diameter elements Use closer element spacing Use traps on the elements Use tapered-diameter elements 3I-2.1 How much gain over a half-wave dipole can a two-element cubical quad antenna provide? Approximately 0.6 dB Approximately 2 dB Approximately 6 dB Approximately 12 dB 3I-3.1 How long is each side of a cubical quad antenna driven element for 21.4-MHz? 1.17 feet 11.7 feet 47 feet 469 feet 3I-3.2 How long is each side of a cubical quad antenna driven element for 14.3-MHz? 1.75 feet 17.6 feet 23.4 feet 70.3 feet 3I-3.3 How long is each side of a cubical quad antenna reflector element for 29.6-MHz? 8.23 feet 8.7 feet 9.7 feet 34.8 feet 3I-3.4 How long is each leg of a symmetrical delta loop antenna driven element for 28.7-MHz? 8.75 feet 11.32 feet 11.7 feet 35 feet 3I-3.5 How long is each leg of a symmetrical delta loop antenna driven element for 24.9-MHz? 10.09 feet 13.05 feet 13.45 feet 40.36 feet 3I-3.6 How long is each leg of a symmetrical delta loop antenna reflector element for 14.1-MHz? 18.26 feet 23.76 feet 24.35 feet 73.05 feet 3I-3.7 How long is the driven element of a Yagi antenna for 14.0-MHz? Approximately 17 feet Approximately 33 feet Approximately 35 feet Approximately 66 feet 3I-3.8 How long is the director element of a Yagi antenna for 21.1-MHz? Approximately 42 feet Approximately 21 feet Approximately 17 feet Approximately 10.5 feet 3I-3.9 How long is the reflector element of a Yagi antenna for 28.1-MHz? Approximately 8.75 feet Approximately 16.6 feet Approximately 17.5 feet Approximately 35 feet 3I-5.1 What is the feed-point impedance for a half-wavelength dipole HF antenna suspended horizontally one-quarter wavelength or more above the ground? Approximately 50 ohms, resistive Approximately 73 ohms, resistive and inductive Approximately 50 ohms, resistive and capacitive Approximately 73 ohms, resistive 3I-5.2 What is the feed-point impedance of a quarter-wavelength vertical HF antenna with a horizontal ground plane? Approximately 18 ohms Approximately 36 ohms Approximately 52 ohms Approximately 72 ohms 3I-5.3 What is an advantage of downward sloping radials on a ground-plane antenna? Sloping the radials downward lowers the radiation angle Sloping the radials downward brings the feed-point impedance close to 300 ohms Sloping the radials downward allows rainwater to run off the antenna Sloping the radials downward brings the feed-point impedance closer to 50 ohms 3I-5.4 What happens to the feed-point impedance of a ground-plane antenna when the radials slope downward from the base of the antenna? The feed-point impedance decreases The feed-point impedance increases The feed-point impedance stays the same The feed-point impedance becomes purely capacitive 3I-6.1 Compared to a dipole antenna, what are the directional radiation characteristics of a cubical quad HF antenna? The quad has more directivity in the horizontal plane but less directivity in the vertical plane The quad has less directivity in the horizontal plane but more directivity in the vertical plane The quad has more directivity in both horizontal and vertical planes The quad has less directivity in both horizontal and vertical planes 3I-6.2 What is the radiation pattern of an ideal half-wavelength dipole HF antenna? If it is installed parallel to the earth, it radiates well in a figure-eight pattern at right angles to the antenna wire If it is installed parallel to the earth, it radiates well in a figure-eight pattern off both ends of the antenna wire If it is installed parallel to the earth, it radiates equally well in all directions If it is installed parallel to the earth, the pattern will have two lobes on one side of the antenna wire, and one larger lobe on the other side 3I-6.3 How does proximity to the ground affect the radiation pattern of a horizontal dipole HF antenna? If the antenna is too far from the ground, the pattern becomes unpredictable If the antenna is less than one-half wavelength from the ground, reflected radio waves from the ground distort the radiation pattern of the antenna A dipole antenna's radiation pattern is unaffected by its distance to the ground If the antenna is less than one-half wavelength from the ground, radiation off the ends of the wire is reduced 3I-6.4 What does the term antenna front-to-back ratio mean? The number of directors versus the number of reflectors The relative position of the driven element with respect to the reflectors and directors The power radiated in the major radiation lobe compared to the power radiated in exactly the opposite direction The power radiated in the major radiation lobe compared to the power radiated 90 degrees away from that direction 3I-6.5 What effect upon the radiation pattern of an HF dipole antenna will a slightly smaller parasitic parallel element located a few feet away in the same horizontal plane have? The radiation pattern will not change appreciably A major lobe will develop in the horizontal plane, parallel to the two elements A major lobe will develop in the vertical plane, away from the ground If the spacing is greater than 0.1 wavelength, a major lobe will develop in the horizontal plane to the side of the driven element toward the parasitic element 3I-6.6 What is the meaning of the term main lobe as used in reference to a directional antenna? The direction of least radiation from an antenna The point of maximum current in a radiating antenna element The direction of maximum radiated field strength from a radiating antenna The maximum voltage standing wave point on a radiating element 3I-7.1 Upon what does the characteristic impedance of a parallel-conductor antenna feed line depend? The distance between the centers of the conductors and the radius of the conductors The distance between the centers of the conductors and the length of the line The radius of the conductors and the frequency of the signal The frequency of the signal and the length of the line 3I-7.2 What is the characteristic impedance of various coaxial cables commonly used for antenna feed lines at amateur stations? Around 25 and 30 ohms Around 50 and 75 ohms Around 80 and 100 ohms Around 500 and 750 ohms 3I-7.3 What effect, if any, does the length of a coaxial cable have upon its characteristic impedance? The length has no effect on the characteristic impedance The length affects the characteristic impedance primarily above 144 MHz The length affects the characteristic impedance primarily below 144 MHz The length affects the characteristic impedance at any frequency 3I-7.4 What is the characteristic impedance of flat-ribbon TV-type twinlead? 50 ohms 75 ohms 100 ohms 300 ohms 3I-8.4 What is the cause of power being reflected back down an antenna feed line? Operating an antenna at its resonant frequency Using more transmitter power than the antenna can handle A difference between feed line impedance and antenna feed-point impedance Feeding the antenna with unbalanced feed line 3I-9.3 What will be the standing wave ratio when a 50 ohm feed line is connected to a resonant antenna having a 200 ohm feed-point impedance? 4:1 1:4 2:1 1:2 3I-9.4 What will be the standing wave ratio when a 50 ohm feed line is connected to a resonant antenna having a 10 ohm feed-point impedance? 2:1 50:1 1:5 5:1 3I-9.5 What will be the standing wave ratio when a 50 ohm feed line is connected to a resonant antenna having a 50 ohm feed-point impedance? 2:1 50:50 1:1 0:0 3I-11.1 How does the characteristic impedance of a coaxial cable affect the amount of attenuation to the RF signal passing through it? The attenuation is affected more by the characteristic impedance at frequencies above 144 MHz than at frequencies below 144 MHz The attenuation is affected less by the characteristic impedance at frequencies above 144 MHz than at frequencies below 144 MHz The attenuation related to the characteristic impedance is about the same at all amateur frequencies below 1.5 GHz The difference in attenuation depends on the emission type in use 3I-11.2 How does the amount of attenuation to a 2 meter signal passing through a coaxial cable differ from that to a 160 meter signal? The attenuation is greater at 2 meters The attenuation is less at 2 meters The attenuation is the same at both frequencies The difference in attenuation depends on the emission type in use 3I-11.4 What is the effect on its attenuation when flat-ribbon TV-type twinlead is wet? Attenuation decreases slightly Attenuation remains the same Attenuation decreases sharply Attenuation increases 3I-11.7 Why might silicone grease or automotive car wax be applied to flat-ribbon TV-type twinlead? To reduce "skin effect" losses on the conductors To reduce the buildup of dirt and moisture on the feed line To increase the velocity factor of the feed line To help dissipate heat during high-SWR operation 3I-11.8 In what values are RF feed line losses usually expressed? Bels/1000 ft dB/1000 ft Bels/100 ft dB/100 ft 3I-11.10 As the operating frequency increases, what happens to the dielectric losses in a feed line? The losses decrease The losses decrease to zero The losses remain the same The losses increase 3I-11.12 As the operating frequency decreases, what happens to the dielectric losses in a feed line? The losses decrease The losses increase The losses remain the same The losses become infinite 3I-12.1 What condition must be satisfied to prevent standing waves of voltage and current on an antenna feed line? The antenna feed point must be at DC ground potential The feed line must be an odd number of electrical quarter wavelengths long The feed line must be an even number of physical half wavelengths long The antenna feed-point impedance must be matched to the characteristic impedance of the feed line 3I-12.2 How is an inductively-coupled matching network used in an antenna system consisting of a center-fed resonant dipole and coaxial feed line? An inductively coupled matching network is not normally used in a resonant antenna system An inductively coupled matching network is used to increase the SWR to an acceptable level An inductively coupled matching network can be used to match the unbalanced condition at the transmitter output to the balanced condition required by the coaxial line An inductively coupled matching network can be used at the antenna feed point to tune out the radiation resistance 3I-12.5 What is an antenna-transmission line mismatch? A condition where the feed-point impedance of the antenna does not equal the output impedance of the transmitter A condition where the output impedance of the transmitter does not equal the characteristic impedance of the feed line A condition where a half-wavelength antenna is being fed with a transmission line of some length other than one-quarter wavelength at the operating frequency A condition where the characteristic impedance of the feed line does not equal the feed-point impedance of the antenna